News: Leukemia treated by 131I-anti-CD45 antibody plus busulfan and cyclophosphamide

04-21-2006

Leukemia could be treated by 131I-anti-CD45 antibody plus busulfan (BU) and cyclophosphamide (CY) before allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).

"In an attempt to improve outcomes for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after allogeneic HCT, we conducted a phase 1/2 study in which targeted irradiation delivered by 131I-anti-CD45 antibody was combined with targeted BU (area-under-curve, 600-900 ng/mL) and CY (120 mg/kg). Fifty-two (88%) of 59 patients receiving a trace 131I-labeled dose of .5 mg/kg anti-CD45 murine antibody had higher estimated absorbed radiation in bone marrow and spleen than in any other organ," scientists in the United States reported.

"Forty-six patients were treated with 102 to 298 mCi (3774-11 026 MBq) 131I, delivering an estimated 5.3 to 19 (mean, 11.3) Gy to marrow, 17-72 (mean, 29.7) Gy to spleen, and 3.5 Gy (n=4) to 5.25 Gy (n=42) to the liver. The estimated 3-year nonrelapse mortality and disease-free survival (DFS) were 21% and 61%, respectively. These, results were compared with those from 509 similar International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry patients who underwent transplantation using BU/CY alone. After adjusting for differences in age and cytogenetics risk, the hazard of mortality among all antibody-treated patients was .65 times that of the Registry patients (95% CI .39-1.08; p=.09)," explained J.M. Pagel and colleagues, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center.

The researchers concluded, "The addition of targeted hematopoietic irradiation to conventional BU/CY is feasible and well tolerated, and phase 2 results are sufficiently encouraging to warrant further study."

Pagel and colleagues published their study in Blood (131I-anti-CD45 antibody plus busulfan and cyclophosphamide before allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in first remission. Blood, 2006;107(5):2184-2191).

For more information, contact J.M. Pagel, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division Clinic Research, D5-380, 1100 Fairview Avenue N, POB 19024, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.

Publisher contact information for the journal Blood is: American Society Hematology, 1900 M Street. NW Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036, USA.

Keywords: Seattle, Washington, United States, Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Bone Marrow, Busulfan, Cell Transplant, Cyclophosphamide, Cancer Drugs, Genetics, Hematology, Irradiation, Antibody, Hematopoietic Cells, Oncology, Pharmaceuticals, Cancer Therapy, 131I-anti-CD45.



This article was prepared by Clinical Oncology Week editors from staff and other reports. Copyright 2006, Clinical Oncology Week via NewsRx.com.